Hip replacement surgery, also known as hip arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure designed to alleviate pain and restore mobility in individuals with severe hip joint damage. Common causes of such damage include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, or hip fractures. During the procedure, the damaged hip joint is replaced with artificial components made of metal, plastic, or ceramic materials.

There are two primary types of hip replacement surgery: total hip replacement and partial hip replacement. In total hip replacement, both the ball and socket of the hip joint are replaced with prosthetic implants. In partial hip replacement, only the damaged portion of the hip joint is replaced.

Following hip replacement surgery, patients typically undergo a period of rehabilitation to strengthen the muscles around the hip joint and regain mobility. Physical therapy and exercises are essential components of the recovery process.

While hip replacement surgery is generally successful in relieving pain and improving function, potential risks include infection, blood clots, and implant dislocation. However, with proper post-operative care and adherence to rehabilitation protocols, most patients experience significant improvements in their quality of life and mobility.